Lesson
55
Thomas
Aquinas was born the son of a count in Italy in 1225. When Thomas was
five years old, he began his education. Thomas was sent off to a
university in Naples when he was old enough. While studying, Thomas
was influenced by Aristotle's writings and also by a new
order of monks called the Dominicans.
At
the age of 19, Thomas joined the Dominican monks, much to the dismay
of his parents. In fact, his parents actually kidnapped their son to
keep him away from the monks. After two years of captivity, Thomas
“escaped” from his parents and rejoined the monks.
After
some time with the monks, Thomas decided to rewrite the Christian
theology in a systematic way, using Aristotelian logic and thinking.
Aquinas's greatest
work was the Summa Theologica.
However, Thomas left the manuscript unfinished, believing that he was
called to a greater service than what he was currently working on.
Thomas Aquinas became a
priest and ordained in 1250. While he was teaching at a school in
Paris, Thomas completed his Doctorate in Theology. Most of Thomas's
time was spent in prayer, study, and writing during these years.
Some time later, Thomas
Aquinas was summoned by the Pope to attend a council. As Thomas was
on his way, a falling branch hit him and he became ill shortly after.
He was cared for by his friends, but several days later Thomas died.
Influence
of Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas's work greatly
influenced the church by using Aristotle's logic to study scripture.
Aquinas also argued that man can logically prove there is a god,
based solely on the evidence in nature. He taught new connection
between science and theology. Over time, philosophers began promoting
the idea that logic and man's senses could tell him what he needed. This was a distortion of
Aquinas's ideas. This focus on man's thinking continued into the time
of the Renaissance.